Paris liberation made 'whites only' .

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1. Saba
   

   Papers unearthed by the BBC reveal that British and American commanders ensured that the liberation of Paris on 25 August 1944 was seen as a "whites only" victory.
   
   Many who fought n**i Germany during World War II did so to defeat the vicious racism that left millions of Jews dead.
   
   Yet the BBC's Document programme has seen evidence that black colonial soldiers - who made up around two-thirds of Free French forces - were deliberately removed from the unit that led the Allied advance into the French capital.
   
   By the time France fell in June 1940, 17,000 of its black, mainly West African colonial troops, known as the Tirailleurs Senegalais, lay dead.
   
   Many of them were simply shot where they stood soon after surrendering to German troops who often regarded them as sub-human savages.
   
   Their chance for revenge came in August 1944 as Allied troops prepared to retake Paris. But despite their overwhelming numbers, they were not to get it.
   
   'More desirable'
   
   The leader of the Free French forces, Charles de Gaulle, made it clear that he wanted his Frenchmen to lead the liberation of Paris.
   
   I have told Colonel de Chevene that his chances of getting what he wants will be vastly improved if he can produce a white infantry division
   General Frederick Morgan
   
   Allied High Command agreed, but only on one condition: De Gaulle's division must not contain any black soldiers.
   
   In January 1944 Eisenhower's Chief of Staff, Major General Walter Bedell Smith, was to write in a memo stamped, "confidential": "It is more desirable that the division mentioned above consist of white personnel.
   
   "This would indicate the Second Armoured Division, which with only one fourth native personnel, is the only French division operationally available that could be made one hundred percent white."
   
   At the time America segregated its own troops along racial lines and did not allow black GIs to fight alongside their white comrades until the late stages of the war.

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